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SKIN PHYSIOLOGY
appearance of hyperpigmentation and fine lines.
AHAs also improve absorption of other ingredients
such as antioxidants or peptides.
• Peptides—These short chains of amino acids work
as signal molecules to change the appearance
of aging skin. They include palmitoyl peptides
(Matrixyl, Synthe-6, Matrixyl-3000), trifluoroacetyl
tripeptide-2 (Progeline), acetyl dipeptide-1 cetyl
ester (Idealift), acetyl hexapeptide-8 (Argireline),
and others. Regular use of products containing
these agents can produce improvement in the look
of wrinkles, textures, elasticity, and smoothness.
They can also be combined to produce an even better
result over time.
Resources
American Board of Cosmetic Surgery. "Injectable Fillers Guide."
Accessed September 2024. americanboardcosmeticsurgery.org/
procedure-learning-center/non-surgical/injectable-fillers-guide.
American Society for Dermatologic Surgery. "Injectables." Accessed
September 2024. asds.net/skin-experts/skin-treatments/injectables.
Cleveland Clinic. "Injectables." Accessed September 2024.
my.clevelandclinic.org/cosmetic-plastic-surgery/procedures/injectables.
MedlinePlus. "Deoxycholic Acid Injection." Last modified November
15, 2022. medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a615026.html.
Ngan, V. DermnetNZ.org. "Polymethyl-methacrylate." 2002.
dermnetnz.org/topics/polymethyl-methacrylate-pmma.
Nigam, P. K., and A. Nigam. "Botulinum Toxin." Indian Journal of
Dermatology 55, no. 1 (January–March 2010): 8–14. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
pmc/articles/PMC2856357.
US Food & Drug Administration. "Dermal Fillers Do's and Don'ts
for Wrinkles, Lips and More." Last modified July 7, 2023. fda.gov/
consumers/consumer-updates/dermal-filler-dos-and-donts-wrinkles-
lips-and-more.
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microcurrent, LED, peels, and other procedures, your
clients can have visible results.
A daily home-care program should include:
• Sunscreen—Recommend using a daily broad-
spectrum sunscreen built into a moisturizer or face
tint. Sunscreen provides UV protection to prevent
loss of the skin's natural collagen and elastin that
provide fullness and bounce.
• Ceramides—These natural fats fill spaces between
the cells, increasing and maintaining hydration,
which can make skin smoother and plumper, and
reducing the look of wrinkles and rough textures. It
can also help repair barrier function, which results
in better hydration, a smoother appearance, less
surface redness, and generally healthier skin.
• AHAs—These are naturally occurring mild acids,
including glycolic, lactic, and mandelic. These
agents help loosen bonds between dead cells for
more even exfoliation. Used daily in a gel or serum
form, AHAs can improve barrier function, surface
texture, clogged pores and acne-prone skin, and the
